What is Legionella
Legionella is a type of bacteria found naturally in lakes and streams. It can become a health risk when it grows and spreads in man-made water systems like showerheads, taps, hot water tanks and heaters.
People can get Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of pneumonia, by inhaling tiny water droplets in the air that contain Legionella bacteria.
The risk of Legionella in small domestic water systems is very low. However, it’s a good idea to follow simple precautions and maintain good water hygiene to further reduce any risk.
Who is at risk?
While anyone can be affected by Legionella, certain groups are at higher risk, including:
- People over 45 years old
- Smokers
- Heavy drinkers
- Those with respiratory or kidney disease
- People with weakened immune systems
Not everyone who is exposed to the bacteria will get the disease. Legionnaires’ disease is not contagious. You cannot catch it from another person or by drinking water.
What increases the risk of legionella?
Legionella bacteria can grow rapidly in water systems under certain conditions, including:
- Water temperatures between 20°C and 45°C.
- Stagnant water - in taps or showers that aren’t used often.
- Build-up of scale, sludge, or rust, which can feed the bacteria.
- Water droplets becoming airborne, such as from showers, faucets, or toilets.
What should you do?
If you’ve moved into a new home or your home has been unoccupied for a week or more, for example, during a holiday, it is important to flush out your water system.
Here’s what to do:
- Flush showers and taps regularly: If they aren’t used often, run water through them at least once a week.
- Run water for at least two minutes: Start with sink taps and run both hot and cold water.
- Turn taps on slowly: This helps prevent splashing, as airborne water droplets can be risky.
- For showers: Remove the shower head or wrap it in a towel to minimise spray.
- Flush toilets with the lid closed.
- Flush outside taps regularly: During winter or low use, be sure to run outside taps too. Also, always disconnect and drain garden hoses after use.
Do not adjust your hot water temperature.
Set your hot water tank to 60°C to prevent bacteria from growing. (This doesn’t apply to
combi boilers which provide instant hot water).
Clean and descale taps and showerheads regularly.
Legionella bacteria can grow on grime, scale, algae and rust. To avoid this, clean your taps and showerheads every three months, or whenever you notice a buildup, using a nylon brush or diluted bleach.
What are we doing?
We work with a water hygiene company to check communal water systems in certain buildings. As required by law, we carry out regular monitoring and inspections to ensure the water systems are clean and safe to use.
We do not monitor water hygiene inside individual homes.